July
31
Science
Fourth Grade Science
Moon Phases Unit
North Carolina Essential Standards:
4.E.1 Explain the causes of day and night and phases of the moon.
4.E.1.1 Explain the cause of day and night based on the rotation of Earth on its axis.
4.E.1.2 Explain the monthly changes in the appearance of the moon, based on the moon’s orbit around the Earth.
What does this mean a student will know, understand, and be able to do?
4.E.1.1
Students know that the Earth rotates on an axis and that this rotation causes one side of our planet to receive light rays from the sun while the other side is in darkness (day/night). This rotation occurs over a 24-hour period.
4.E.1.2
Students know that the moon rotates and revolves around the Earth. The moon’s appearance (phase) is determined by its position relative to the Earth and the Sun. The appearance of the moon changes in a specific pattern and repeats this sequence over the course of approximately 28 days. During part of this cycle, the moon’s visible portion appears to grow larger (waxes). This is followed by a period during which the moon’s visible portion appears to reduce in size (wanes). Students are familiar with the following phases of the moon: New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, and Last Quarter.
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Rocks and Minerals Unit
North Carolina Essential Standards:
4.P.2 Understand the composition and properties of matter before and after they undergo a change or interaction.
4.P.2.1 Compare the physical properties of samples of matter (strength, hardness, flexibility, ability to conduct heat, ability to conduct electricity, ability to be attracted by magnets, reactions to water and fire).
4.P.2.2 Explain how minerals are identified using tests for the physical properties of hardness, color, luster, cleavage, and streak.
4.P.2.3 Classify rocks as metamorphic, sedimentary, or igneous based on their composition, how they are formed and the processes that create them.
What does this mean a student will know, understand, and be able to do?
4.P.2.1
Students know that samples of matter have many observable properties that can be measured. Students know that samples of matter can be described according to the characteristics of the materials they are made from. Students are familiar with, and can test for the following properties: strength, hardness, flexibility, ability to conduct heat, ability to conduct electricity, ability to be attracted by magnets, reactions to water (dissolve) and heat/fire (melt, evaporate).
4.P.2.2
Students know that minerals can be identified by using particular tests. Students know how to perform tests for hardness and streak. Students are able to describe the color, luster, and cleavage of a mineral.
4.P.2.3
Students know that rocks are classified as metamorphic, igneous or sedimentary, and that these classifications are based on the processes that created the rock. Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed from deposited rock particles (sediments) that are then compacted. Igneous and sedimentary rocks can be transformed into metamorphic rocks through the application of heat and pressure over long periods of time.
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